LESSON 4
This lesson gives you an example of maneuvering opponent's hand to such a position that it becomes relatively weak.
You are then taught the principle it embodies. You will apply this principle to every hold you practise.


KNOWLEDGE CONQUERS STRENGTH
The underlying principle in this lesson is:
In each trick get your opponent so that he can resist you with only 20 percent of his strength
And conversely
Use your body so that you are exerting 100 percent of your strength at the point where he is opposing only 20 percent of his.
A little practice of this experiment will teach you to act automatically on this principle in all tricks. In order not to hurt one another's wrists do this practice slowly but firmly.
The value of this exercise lies not in the intrinsic merit of the wrist-twist as a fighting trick but in enabling you to apply this principle in your future practice, automatically, without having to try to remember it.


NULLIFYING OPPONENT'S STRENGTH
Take the Wrist-twist grip. Let your opponent relax his arm. Pull your elbows close to your sides, thus straightening his arm.

Twist his wrist slowly, not by hand pressure alone, but by turning your body also.
He is powerless to prevent you as he can only oppose the strength of his wrist against the strength of your whole body.


YOUR OWN STRENGTH NULLIFIED
Relax your arms. Let your opponent slowly pull his elbow close to his side, clenching his fist, with strength and balance in his Stahara.
(Do not move your feet in this experiment.)

You will now find it impossible to twist his wrist.
This is because you are exerting the strength of your wrist only against the strength of his whole body.


A class of West Pointers (1920) at The Infantry School
Camp Benning, Columbus, Ga., February 1919
The DEATHLOCK -- See Book Seven.


LESSON 5
This lesson shows clearly by means of two photographs the secret of Stahara Control, and teaches you how to apply it.

Fig 14: CENTER OF GRAVITY TOO HIGH -- INCORRECT
NO STRENGTH IN THE STAHARA -- THE ABDOMINAL REGION
Body weak -- easily unbalanced.
Connection between arms and legs absent.
Body cannot move quickly.



Fig 15: CENTER OF GRAVITY LOW -- CORRECT
THE STAHARA -- ABDOMINAL REGION -- FULL OF STRENGTH
Body strong -- well balanced.
Proper connection between arms and legs.
Body able to move quickly.


STAHARA CONTROL
Standing in position of fig. 15 force your stomach, abdomen and diaphragm down as if you were trying to force your abdomen outward against your belt, to make your belt feel tight, as it were.
Check this outward movement by the stomach muscles. Hold your breath hard for a few seconds.
Do not strain yourself in any way. Just keep practising it gently thruout the day whenever you happen to think of it.
Practise it for a few minutes before a mirror keeping your face impassive and preventing any trace of effort showing. You will soon be able to do this without holding your breath.
Keep your head up and shoulders back but have all your muscles relaxed.


STAHARA CONTROL HELPS QUICK MOVEMENT
Dance around the room imitating the movements of a boxer -- this is called "shadow boxing." First raise your ribs as high as you can, as in fig. 14.
Next dance around with Stahara control, as in fig. 15. Note how much more under control your movements are, the connection between your arms and legs is much better; you can put more punch into your arm movements.
Stahara control teaches you to keep limber all over, even your Stahara is not tensed, and it enables you to concentrate all your effort in the proper muscles at the proper time.


AN EASY EXPERIMENT

TRY THIS
Stand at attention, head up, shoulders back. Throw your chest out, raising the ribs thus showing what physical culturists call "The Grecian Arch," as shown in fig. 14.
In this position let a friend seize your coat at the shoulders with finger and thumb of each hand, and slowly pull until you lose your balance and fall forward.
It takes but a small effort on his part as your center of balance is too high and your waistline is weak.
Again stand at attention, but do not raise your Grecian Arch. Tense your abdominal muscles, as shown in fig. 15 but without drawing the stomach in. Press the stomach out and against your belt.
Have your friend pull you forward as before. Stand still, do not move the feet. Note how much better you keep your balance.
He will note how much heavier you feel, and, using the same amount of strength as before he will be unable to pull you forward.
Try these two experiments on your friend. In number 1, use the minimum effort to unbalance him. In number 2, use the same amount of strength, and note how much heavier and stronger he is.
A man who has trained himself to stand and pose with the Grecian Arch showing will be at a disadvantage when he first begins to wrestle or box for when making an effort he will instinctively raise his chest walls.
This raises his center of balance too high and weakens his Stahara -- the connecting link between his arms and legs.
In the first experiment with no control of the Stahara the body is like a ship, made of good material, but in which the rivets are loose.
In the second, the ship is tight and trim, every rivet in its place and holding. Your body is like one solid beam, a trustworthy support for a weighty structure, rather than a pillar made of several timbers loosely bolted together and consequently weak.
Practise this experiment until your face shows no trace of effort and until you can do it easily, tensing only when he pulls and relaxing when he relaxes.
The awkwardness of many men can be traced to their unconsciously raising their Grecian Arch whenever they do anything requiring and effort.


LESSON 6


THE WAIST HOLD
This lesson teaches you to keep your balance when struggling in a clinch.
It is a simple method of accustoming a beginner to personal contact with his opponent.


WAIST HOLD

STARTING POSITION
The two students stand facing each other at a distance of four to six feet. The heels are eighteen inches apart on the same line. The knees are slightly bent; the body erect and well balanced, limber and not tensed.
Note:
The Waist Hold is a good exercise for the muscles. It also familiarizes the beginner with the sensation of being seized and teaches him to keep cool, thus correcting the tendency of the timid individual to stiffen up and tense his muscles instead of keeping them limber and ready for instant action.



Step up to opponent. Slip your hands beneath his arms and clasp them behind his back.
Place your chin on his chest midway between collarbone and nipple.
(Opponent stands still and does not move.)



Bend opponent back by pressing your chin firmly into his chest and pulling his waist towards you.
Do not throw him. The trick is achieved when you unbalance him.
Then release him, return to starting position, and allow him to try it on you.
Do it each three times alternately.


HOW TO DEVELOP SUBCONSCIOUS STAHARA CONTROL
A person's natural inclination when gripping anybody is to put all the strength into the limb which performs the immediate action, that is, the hand or the arm.
In seizing a man around the waist, for instance, the tendency is to lean on him utilizing arm strength only and forgetting to keep your balance.
This lesson educates you out of this habit and gives you automatic Stahara control.
This will develop in your brain a "plexus" that will automatically keep your balance in all sorts of positions and grips.
It will also give you such a grasp of the principle that you will unconsciously apply it in every trick you try.
Practise the Waisthold until you automatically keep your balance every time and never hold on by arm strength alone.
While doing this exercise you are thinking of two things:
First: To keep your balance.
Second: To check any tendency to raise the chest wall.
You would be surprised at the number of people who raise their chest walls (as in fig. 14) when they exert strength.
At first you will have to think hard of your balance and your Stahara, but after a few practices you will keep your balance without having to think so hard, you will also find that you have more control of the Stahara.
That means that your subconscious mind is learning to take care of these operations leaving the active mind free to attend to the details of the new tricks.


LESSON 7
This lesson teaches some simple calisthenic movements to increase your balance and Stahara control.
Done five minutes night and morning they will give you a healthy appetite and improve your figure.


FIRST STAHARA CALISTHENIC
Advance your left foot 24 or 36 inches in proportion to our height, left toe pointing straight to the front, right toe pointing straight to the right, or at right angles to your left foot.
Clasp your left wrist behind your back with your right hand.

"ONE"
Straighten the right leg. Bend the left leg, bringing the knee over the toe and as far forward as possible.
Bring the chest directly over the left toe.
The right leg, back, and head form one straight line.
Keep the feet flat on the ground -- do not raise the heels or toes.



"TWO"
Straighten the left leg, tensing muscles of left thigh. Bend the right knee as much as possible.
Carry body back until chin is directly over right heel.
The left leg, body, and head form one straight line.
Do not bend the abdomen outward, keep it flat.
Perform twelve times with left foot advanced. Repeat with right foot advanced.
Note: This is one of the finest exercises known for reducing the hips.


HOW TO CULTIVATE BALANCE
For the first few days make this a leg movement, tensing the muscles of the rear leg as you go forward, and of the front leg as you go back.
For the next few days concentrate on your stomach muscles. Tense them when you are farthest forward, and also when you are farthest back. Try to feel that your body is one solid piece in each position.
Next, make it a balance movement, without conscious muscular contraction.
Stay in the forward position while you count five, lean forward as far as possible. Realize that your Center of Balance is in your Stahara. Make your position stable and balanced but without tensing any muscles.
Move swiftly back to position "TWO" and retain that position while you count five. Again remember where your Center of Balance is. Your stomach muscles will naturally tense in this position, but relax them as far as possible, keeping your body limber.
At first your heels will rise off the ground and you will be in danger of losing your balance forward. As you go back your toes will come off the ground and your position will be so weak at first that a person could topple you back with one finger.
As you lunge forward imagine that you are putting all your weight into a blow with your fist. As you go back, think that you are ducking back to avoid a blow aimed at your face. Practise of this exercise will give you a wonderful control of balance.


SECOND STAHARA CALISTHENIC -- CHEST ON KNEE
"ONE":
Stand exactly as described in first Stahara calisthenic, but in addition, lean forward, and press chest against knee.
Tense muscles of rear leg, keeping heels on ground.

"ONE"
"TWO":
Straighten front leg and bend rear leg, swing body back. (Same as "TWO" of first calisthenic.)
When in position "ONE" keep your balance by concentrating on the Stahara, make it hard.
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