It makes you alert and able to take advantage of an opening. The untrained man would be so clumsy, and delay so long after the kick, that he would lose the advantage of Assailant's momentary weakness.
When an Assailant has you in any kind of a grip that prevents your delivering a vital blow, always make a primary attack, which, though not sufficient in itself to defeat him, puts you in a position to deliver the real blow.
This practice trains you in the principle. Merely reading it is not enough, you must practice it.
This is a course in Fighting Jujitsu, not Competitive Jujitsu, so do not get the idea that kicking is allowed in a Jujitsu mach. This practice must all be done formally.
In repeated practices, the man behind knows what you are going to do each time, and it is an easy matter for him to prevent you by tightening his arms every time start making a move, and by dropping his body with you every time you drop.
This is a useless way to practice. The man who takes the role of Assailant must reproduce the conditions of an actual fight in which you would execute your defense before Assailant had time to change his tactics.
Repeated practice will make you quick enough to knock a man out before he grips with his full strength.
Practicing this trick will develop your reflex action until you have a hair-trigger mind.


LESSON 13
This lesson teaches you --
How to make the elbow blow to the neck when seized from behind below the arms.
It gives you further experience in keeping your balance, and in becoming expert with the elbow blow.

Name of Partner Date Commenced Elbow blow to the neck when seized from behind below arms
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5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Make a check mark against each trick each day you practice it.


DEFENCE WHEN SEIZED BELOW ARMS FROM BEHIND
"ONE"
When an Assailant seizes you around your waist from behind, passing his arms beneath your arms, you cannot strike him in the solar plexus with your elbow, his arms are in the way.
First strike him violently on the nose with the back of your head.
In practice put all your strength into this effort. Make the whole body deliver the blow, not the neck muscles alone.
Stop the blow a few inches from his nose.
"TWO"
His head flies back and his muscles loosen, momentarily at least.
At this moment swing your right elbow round onto his neck or the point of his jaw, making the blow come not from the arm muscles but from the Stahara.
Turn on the balls of the feet.
"THREE"
If he ducks to the left swing to your left and give him your left elbow on the jaw or the neck.
Stop the blow a couple of inches from the target but put all your force into it.
As he staggers back repeat the blow to the abdomen, giving him the quietus.


QUICK THINKING IN MOMEMENTS OF DANGER
You hear a lot about "Quick-thinking" in moments of danger. Most of the quick-thinking is simply the trained man's subconscious acting as it has been trained to do by long practice.
This course will train you in this way. You will begin to realize this when you instinctively give the elbow blow to the solar plexus when seized above the arms and to the neck when seized below the arms.
Merely reading this course will not train you to readiness of action but practice of these two tricks will.


WHEN ATTACKED BY A RUSH FROM BEHIND
The elbow blow has a far wider field of application than the two examples given here.
The best way to deal with a rush from a footpad who attacks you suddenly from some dark alley, at night, is the elbow blow.
The way to acquire an ability to use it in any emergency is to practice these two tricks till it becomes second nature to use your body in the correct manner.
COUNT AUDIBLY AS YOU PRACTICE

"TAKE HOLD" Assailant seizes you.
"ONE" Simulate butting him on the nose. (Your partner must loosen his grip and let his head go back.)
"TWO" Swing your right elbow to his neck.
"THREE" Swing your left elbow to his neck.
Do this three times each, acting as Assailant alternately.


LESSON 14


THE BACK THROW
This lesson teaches you the back throw, an alternate method of escape and defense when seized around waist from behind below arms.
Each method should be practiced to the point of efficiency where you are able to achieve victory by that one trick alone, but in a real fight. The victory often depends upon the number of attempts you make and the variety of methods you employ.
You should maneuver so quickly that your opponent has not time to change his front to meet your fresh attack.

Name of Partner Date Commenced The Back Throw
1.
2.
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4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Make a check mark against each trick each day you practice it.
"TAKE HOLD"
Assailant seizes you around the waist from behind, below your arms.
"ONE"
Stamp hard on his instep with your heel. This will loosen his grip.
"TWO"
With your right hand seize the front of his right trousers-leg.
Shove with your right hand, twist your left hip forward, swinging on balls of feet, and making effort from Stahara.
"THREE"
With left hand strike Assailant a vigorous blow below the belt.
This should be sufficient to lay him out.
Stop the blow three inches from the mark.
"FOUR"
With your right foot, step behind opponent. Get well down so that your hips are beneath his thighs.
With the front of your right thigh, knock his left hip up at the same time your right arm knocks his body backward.
It will be sufficient to practice lifting opponent into position of Figure 95.
Do not try this trick on a slippery floor with a heavy partner, or you may both fall and be injured.
In practice lift him and hold him for a few seconds. This develops your strength and teaches you to keep your balance.
In a real fight you would throw him with a backward sweep of your right elbow.
The punch in the stomach would make him let go, but supposing it did not, you would fall on him and knock him out.
The ability to do this can be developed without either of you having to fall.

"TAKE HOLD" Assailant seizes you.
"ONE" Simulate the kick to his instep.
"TWO" Seize his pants and twist your left hip forward.
"THREE" Simulate the punch to his stomach.
"FOUR" Step behind and lift him.
Practice this trick three times each alternately.
In Figure 94, be sure that the forward knock your hips give him is at right angles to his line of support, i.e., a line drawn between his heels.
This will unbalance him and make it easy to lift him. If your effort is made parallel to his line of support you cannot unbalance him and you are working against his strongest point.
If you find this principle difficult to understand do not lose time over it just now, it is not very necessary for this course and will be explained fully in the Second Course.


LESSON 15


THE SHOULDER THROW
This lesson teaches you a scientific method of throwing an Assailant over your shoulder when he seizes you around the neck, or around the arms, from behind.
You seize the sleeve of your opponent, unbalance him, place your center of gravity below his, and throw him, instead of the old-fashioned method of reaching for his head and throwing him by main strength.

Name of Partner Date Commenced Slipping down, Fig. 97 Lifting, Figs. 98, 99 The Shoulder Throw
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10.
Make a check mark against each trick each day you practice it.
"TAKE HOLD"
Assailant seizes you around waist, from behind, above arms.
(When taking the role of Assailant, do not hold too tightly at first, and do not complicate matters, or prevent his mastering the trick by dropping down when he drops.)
Throw your right leg outside and behind his right leg, placing your toes on the ground, and keeping your leg close to his.
Slip down through his arms, raising your arms sidewards.
Turn your body slightly to the right. Grasp the upper part of his sleeve with both hands. Pull his armpit over your shoulder, thus unbalancing him.
Always grasp opponent's sleeve instead of his elbow or wrist. This gives you tremendous leverage.
(Every part of your body must be limber except the Stahara, which should be strong and balanced. At first you will be exactly the opposite, your arms will be all tensed and your Stahara will be relaxed.)
Straighten your right leg raising your hip, bend slightly forward, and you will easily lift him.

(Practice lifting him before a mirror, taking the position of Figures 98 and 99 alternately, counting "ONE" -- "TWO", until you get the knack of lifting him by the roll of your body, not by arm or leg strength.)
Slowly rotate your right side close to the ground, rolling him gently off your back. Keep your balance in your Stahara so that you do not fall.
Hold on to his sleeve to prevent his falling heavily. Practice on a mat or grass.
We have some wonderful photos of a man's feet flying through the air straight above the opponent's head. But if these illustrations were used here the trick would look too difficult and you would not see how it was done.
Also if you tried to do it so at first you might hurt one another.
By practicing the positions of the photos shown here you will quickly master the trick and will be able then to throw your opponent's heels as high as you wish.


WRIGGLING OUT OF A MAN'S GRIP (Note re Figure 97)
There is quite an art in wriggling out of a man's grip. If you try to force his arms up with the strength of your arms you will fail unless you are much stronger than he is.
Slip down through his arms, making the effort from the Stahara, just as if the Stahara were a corkscrew, and your shoulders were the cork.
Do not bend forward, do not force his arms up with your arms, but raise your arms as his grip slackens.


KEEP THE STRENGTH IN YOUR STAHARA (Note re Figure 98)
Take the position of the right hand man in Figure 98. Tense your leg and arm muscles only, leaving the Stahara limp. Tell opponent to lift his feet off the ground and attempt to support him in that position. If he is a heavier man than you, you will probably collapse.
Again take the same position, make the Stahara strong (not by tensing the superficial abdominal muscles, but using your body as this course has trained you to do). You will now find that you can easily bear his weight and that you have considerable reserve power.
The two positions illustrated in Figures 97 and 98 are shown and explained separately in order that you may more quickly master these two points.
As a matter of fact there are not two movements here, the Jujitsu man instantly goes from Figure 96 to Figure 98 and you would not see him in position of Figure 97.

"TAKE HOLD"
"ONE" Simulate the kick to Assailant's shins.
"TWO" Slip down and seize his sleeve.
"THREE" Throw him.

LESSON 16


REAR STRANGLE
This is one of the most important lessons in the course.
It teaches a deadly counter to the shoulder throw.
It shows you a safe method of practicing this deadly hold until you are perfect in it.
This lesson teaches more than just a defense. It teaches a hold that can be used in countless situations either of offence or defense.

Name of Partner Date Commenced The Rear Strangle
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