D. Martin and L. Wrightsman, "The Relationship between
Religious Behavior and Concern about Deatli," Journal of Social Psychology (1865) 65:317-
23; and D. Tenipler, "Death Anxiety in Religiously Very Involved Persons", Psychological
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48. N. lanimarino, "Relationship between Death Anxiety and Demographic Vari-
ables", Psychological Reports (1975) 37:262.
49. lammarino. "Death Anxiety and Demographic Variables"; Swenson. "Attitudes
toward Deatli": A. Christ, "Attitudes toward Death among a Group of Acute Geriatric
Psychiatric Patients", Journal of Gerontology (1961) 16(1)156-59; and P. Rhudick and A.
Dibiier. "Age. Personality, and Health Correlates of Death Concerns in Normal Aged
Individuals", Journal of Gerontology (1961) 16(l):44-49.
50. M. Lieberman and A. Coplan, "Distance from Death as a Variable in the Study
of Aging", Developmental Psychology (1970) 2:71-84.
51. M. Means. "Fears of One Thousand College Women", Journal of Abnormal and
Social Psychology (1936) 31:291-311.
52. W. Middleton, "Some Reactions toward Death among College Students", Jour-
nal of Abnormal and Social Psychology (1936) 3:165-173.
53. Templer and Ruff, "Death Anxiety Scale Means"; lammarino, "Death Anxiety
and Demographic Variables"; and D. Templer, C. Ruff, and C. Franks, "Death Anxi-
ety; Age, Sex, and Parental Resemblance in Disease Populations", Developmental Psychology
(1971) 4:108.
54. P. Thauberger, "The Avoidance ofOntological Confrontation", unpublished Ph.D.
dissertation. University of Saskatchewan, 1974.
55. C. Stacey and К. Markin, "The Attitudes of College Students and Penitentiary
Inmates toward Death and a Future Life", Psychiatric Quarterly, supplement (1952) 26:27-
32.
56. D. Templer, "Death Anxiety as Related to Depression and Health of Retired
Persons," Journal of Gerontology, (1971) 26:521-523.
57. Swenson, "Attitudes toward Death": J. Munnichs, Old Age and Finitude (Basel
and New York: Karger, 1966); and S. Shrut, "Attitude toward Old Age to Death", еи-
tal Hygiene (1958) 42:259-263.
58. Munnichs, Old Age and Finitude: A. Christ, "Attitude toward Death among a
Group of Acute Geriatric Psychiatric Patients", Journal of Gerontology (1961) 16:56-59;
and Kastenbaum and Aisenbeig, Psychology of Death, p. 83.
59. Kastenbaum and Aisenberg, Psychology of Death, p. 107
60. C. Stacy and M. Reichers, "Attitudes toward Death and Future Life among Nor-
mal and Subnormal Adolescent Girls", Exceptional Children (1959) 20:259-262.
61. A. Maurer, "Adolescent Attitudes toward Death", Journal of Genetic Psychology
(1964) 105:79-80.
62. H. Feifel and A. Branscomb, "Whos Afraid of Death?" Journal of Abnormal
Psychology (1973) 81(3):282-88; and H. Feifel and L. Herman, "Fear of Death in the
Mentally III". Psychological Reports (1973) 33:931-938.
63. Feifel and Branscomb, "Whos Afraid of Death?"
64. W. Meissner, "Affective Response to Psychoanalytic Death Symbols", Journal of
Abnormal and Social Psychology (1958) 56:295-299.
65. K.G. Magni, "Reactions to Death Stimuli among Theology Students", Journal
for the Scientific Study of Religion (Fall 1970) 9(3):247-48.
66. Kastenberg and Aisenberg, Psychology of Death, p. 95.
67. Rhudick and Dibner, "Age, Personality, and Health Correlates".
68. Shrut, "Attitude toward Old Age".
69. Swenson, "Attitudes toward Death".
70. Templer, "Death Anxiety".
71. N. Kogan and R. Shelton, "Beliefs about Old People", Journal of Genetic Psy-
chology (1962) 100:93-111.
72. M. Kramer, C. Winget, and R. Whitman, "A City Dreams: A Survey Approach
to Normative Dream Content", American Journal of Psychiatry (1971) 127:86-92.
73. H. Cason, "The Nightmare Dream", Psychology Monographs (1935) 209:46.
74. M. Feidman and M. Hersen, "Attitudes toward Death in Nightmare Subjects",
Journal of Abnormal Psychology (1967) 72:421-425; and D. Lester, "The Fear of Death
of Those Who Have Nightmares", Journal of Psychology (1968) 69:245-47.
75. P. Handal and J. Rychlak. "Curvilinearity between Dream Content and Death
Anxiety and the Relationship of Death Anxiety to Repression-Sensitivity", Journal of Ab-
normal Psychology (1971) 77:11-16.
76. W. Bromberg and P. Schilder, "The Attitudes of Psychoneurotics toward Death",
PsychoanalyWc Review (1936) 23:1-28.
77. С. Parks, "The First Year of Bereavement." Psychiatry (1970) 33:444-67.
78. The GUgamesh Epic and Old Testament Parallels, trans. A. Heidel (Chicago: Uni-
versity of Chicago Press, 1946), pp. 63, 64.
79. A. Witt, personal communication, September 1978.
80. Personal communication from a friend.
81. Freud. "Thoughts for the Times", vol. XIV, Standard Edition, p. 298.
82. J. Breuer and S. Freud, Studies on Hysteria, vol. II in Standard Edition (London:
Hogarth Press, 1955; originally published in 1895).
83. lbid" p. 9.
84. Ibid., p. 7.
85. Ibid., p. xxxi.
86. Ibid., p. 14.
87. Ibid., p. 34.
88. Ibid., p. 117.
89. Ibid., p. 63.
90. Ibid., p. 131.
91. Ibid., p. 137.
92. Ibid., p. 157.
93. S. Freud. Origins of Psychoanatysis, ed. by M. Bonaparte, A. Freud, and E. Kris
(New York: Basic Books, 1954).
94. S. Freud, "Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety", vol. XX, Standard Edition,
p. 166.
95. A. Compton, "Psychoanalytic Theories of Anxiety," Journal of American Psycho-
analytic Association (1972) 20(2):341-94.
96. S. Freud, Studies on Hysteria, vol. II, in Standard Edition. (London: Hogarth
Press, 1955; originally published 1895), p. 33.
97. Ibid., p. 40.
98. Freud, "Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety", vol. XX, Standard Edition, p. 130.
99. M. Kiein, "A Contribution of the Theory of Anxiety and Guilt", International
Journal of Psychoanatysis (1948) 29:114-23.
100. 0. Fenichel, The Psychoanalytic Theory of the Psychoneuroses (New York: Norton,
1945).
101. R. Waelder, Basic Theory of Psychoanatysis (New York: International Universi-
ties Press, 1960).
102. R. Greenson, The Technique and Practice of Psychoanalysis (New York: Interna-
tional Universities Press, 1967).
103. S. Freud, The Ego and the Id. vol. XIX, Standard Edition (London: Hogarth
Press, 1961; originally published in 1923), p. 57.
104. Ibid., p. 58ff.
105. S. Freud, Beyond the Pleasure Principle, vol. XVIII in Standard Edition (Lon-
don: Hogarth Press, 1955; originally published 1920), pp. 1-64.
106. Freud, "Thoughts for the Times", vol. XIV, Standard Edition, p. 299.
107. E. Jones, The Life and Work ofSigmund Freud, vol. I (New York: Basic Books,
1953), p. 40.
108. Ibid., p. 41.
109. Ibid., p. 45.
110. N. Brown, Life Against Death (New York: Vintage Books, 1959).
III. S. Freud, "Thoughts forthe Times", vol. XIV in Standard Edition, pp. 273-300.
112. S. Freud, "The Theme of Three Caskets", vol. XII in Standard Edition (Lon-
don: Hogarth Press. 1966; originally published 1913), pp. 289-302.
113. E. Jones, The Life and Work ofSigmund Freud, vols. I, II, III (New York: Basic
Books, 1953,1955,1957).
114. 1. Stone, Passions of the Mind (New York: Doubleday, 1971).
115. For example, J. Wortis, Fragments of an Analysis -with Freud (New York: Simon
Schuster, 1954).
116. For example, S. Freud. Origins of Psychoanalysis, eds. M. Bonaparte, A. Freud,
and E. Kris (New York: Basic Books, 1954): H. Abraham and E. Freud, eds., A Psycho-
Analytic Dialogue: The Letters ofSigmund Freud and Karl Abraham 1907-1926, trans. B.
Marsa and C. Abraham (New York: Basic Books; London: Hogarth Press and Institute of
Psycho-Analysis, 1965); E. Freud and H. Meng. eds., Psycho-Analysis and Faith: The Letters
ofSigmund Freud and Oskar Pfister, trans. E. Mosbacher (New York: Basic Books: Lon-
don: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1963): and E. Pfeifier, ed;, Sigmund
Freud and Lou Andreas-Salome: Letters, trans. William and Elaine Robson-Scott (New York:
Harcourt Biace Jovanovich; London: Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1972.)
117. Jones, vol. I, p. 4.
118. lbid" p. 20.
119. Ibid.
120. Ibid., p. xii.
121. Ibid., p. 78.
122. Freud, Origins of Psychoanalysis, p. 217.
123. Ibid., p. 129.
К главе 3
1. S. Anthony, The Discovery of Death in Childhood and After (New York: Basic Books,
1972).
2. E. Becker. The Denial of Death (New York: Free Press, 1973), p. 36.
3. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 155.
4. Ibid., pp. 155-56.
5. Ibid.. p. 157.
6. F. Moellenkoff. "Ideas of Children about Death", Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic
(1939)3:148-56.
7. E. Erikson, Childhood and Society (New York: W. W. Norton, 1963).
8. Anthony, Discovery of Death, pp. 78ff.
9. R. Kastenbaum R. Aisenbei-g, Psychology of Death (New York: Springer, 1972),
p. 9.
10. S. Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams, vol. IV in Standard Edition (London:
Hogarth Press. 1964; originally published 1900), pp. 254-55.
II. R, Lapouse and M. Monk, "Fears and Worries in a Representative Sample of
Children", American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (1959) 29:803-18.
12. S. Hamson, С. Davenport, and J. McDermott, "Childrens Reactions to Be-
reavement," Archives of General Psychiatry (1967) 17:593-97.
13. Anthony, Discovery of Death: M. Nagy, "The Childs View of Death", Journal of
Genetic Psychology, (1948) 73:3-27; P. Schilder D. Wechsler, "The Attitudes ofChil-
dren towaid Death," Journal of Genetic Psychology (1934) 45:406-51: G. Koocher, "Talking
with Children about Death", American Лита! of Orthopsychiatry (1974) 44:404-11; M.
Macintire. С. Angle, and L. Struempler, "The Concept of Death in Mid-Western Chil-
dren and Youth", American Journal of Disease of Children (1972) 123:527-32.
14. Nagy, "Childs View of Death".
15. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 47-77.
16. Schilder and Wechsler, "Attitudes of Children".
17. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 158.
18. E. Furman, A Childs Parent Dies (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press,
1994), p. 5.
19. Anthony. Discovery of Death, p. 255.
20. J. Sully, cited in Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 269.
21. J. Piaget, cited in Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 56.
22. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 59.
23. Kastenbaum andAisenberg, Psychology of Death, p. 9.
24. Kastenbaum andAisenberg, Psychology of Death, p. 12f.
25. S. Brant, cited in Kastenbaum and Aiseiiberg, Psychology of Death, p. 14.
26. Kastenbaum andAisenberg, Psychology of Death, p. 14.
27. G. Rochlin.. Griefs and Discontents: The Focus of Change (Boston: Little, Brown,
1965), p. 67.
28. G. Rochlin, "How Younger Children View Death and Themselves", in Explain-
ing Death to Children", ed. E. Grollman (New York: Beacon Press, 1967).
29. M. Scheler, cited in J. Choron, Death and Western Thought (New York: Collier
Books, 1963), p. 17.
30. Rochlin, "How Younger Children", p. 56.
31. Ibid., pp. 84-85.
32. M. Klein, "A Contribution to the Theory of Anxiety and Guilt". International
Journal of Psychoanalysis (1948) 29:114-23.
33. К. Eissler, The Psychiatrist and the Dying Patient (New York: International Uni-
versities Press, 1959), pp. 57-58.
34. A. Freud, "Discussion of John Bowlbys Paper", Psychoanalytic Study of the Child
(1960) 15:53-62.
35. Furman, A Childs Parent Dies, p. 51.
36. Anthony, Discovery of Death, p. 139.
37. Ibid.. pp. 157-58.
38. A. Maurer, "Maturation of Concepts of Death", British Journal of Medical Psy-
chology (1964) 39:35-41.
39. M. Stern, "PavorNoctumis," International Journal ofPsychoanalysis (1951) 32:302.
40. R. White, "Motivation Reconsidered: The Concept of Competence", Psycholog-
ical Review (1959) 66:
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